Understanding of Digital Images
/ December 28, 2017

Digital Images are the most common and convenient means of conveying or transmitting information. An image is worth a thousand words. Pictures concisely convey information about positions, sizes and inter-relationships between objects. They portray spatial information that we can recognize as objects. Human beings are good at deriving information from such images, because of our innate visual and mental abilities. About 75% of the information received by human is in pictorial form. Digital Image Overview Digital images are made of picture elements called pixels.  Typically, pixels are organized in an ordered rectangular array.  The size of an image is determined by the dimensions of this pixel array.  The image width is the number of columns, and the image height is the number of rows in the array.  Thus the pixel array is a matrix of M columns x N rows.  To refer to a specific pixel within the image matrix, we define its coordinate at x and y.  The coordinate system of image matrices defines x as increasing from left to right and y as increasing from top to bottom.  Compared to normal mathematic convention, the origin is in the top left corner and the y coordinate is flipped.  Why is…

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